In 1946, the American Board of Specialists noted that orthopedic doctors lacked neurological training and that neurologists lacked orthopedic training and an understanding of long-term consequences for employment as well as long-term care and consequences of aging. Physiatrists were defined as nerve, muscle, bone, and brain experts who focus on injury, function, and rehabilitation.
(American Academy of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vol 4, 247-251, April 2012)
Physiatrists are medical school graduates who attend certified residency programs and have completed both written and oral examinations administered by the American Board of PhysicalMedicine and Rehabilitation. Fellowships are available for specialized study: Musculoskeletal rehabilitation, pediatrics, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and sports medicine.